I've just finished a study on normal insoles and the impact on cycling.
Two pairs of insoles one with 100% of correction (Neutral Position) and one with 150% of correction were made with Cad Cam.
Impact on muscular activity: EMG: Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Biceps femoris and semi-tendinosus. (mean 30secondes)
Impact on lower limb alignement: Dart fish: 3 points, extremities of the patella and the tibial tuberosity. The lower angle was studied.
Results:
Significant effects on the muscular activity (Positive and negative)
No significant effect on the Lower limb alignement

I can't really understand how they can be flagrant muscle activity changes and no lower limb alignement changes?? I thought both were related?
Can you help me finding a conclusion?
1- The protocol with the 3 points is not representative of lower limb alignment? We should have done bisectors?? A point can stay fix even if there is a rotation?
2- Insoles have limited the mouvements of the feets in the frontal and transversal plans (pronation). In walking this will cause a repercussion on le lower limb alignment but in cycling maybe it's different?
Other ideas??
Thank you for your help
I can give you more informations if you whant!!
Best regards
Valéry