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Using microsoft XBox kinect as a gait analysis system

Discussion in 'Biomechanics, Sports and Foot orthoses' started by toomoon, Apr 9, 2013.

  1. toomoon

    toomoon Well-Known Member


    Members do not see these Ads. Sign Up.
    Our latest paper just published from our group at Melbourne University. Why pay thousands for a gait analysis system when microsoft has paid millions to develop it for you?
    Reliability and validity of the Microsoft Kinect for evaluating static foot posture
    Benjamin F Mentiplay, Ross A Clark, Alexandra Mullins, Adam L Bryant, Simon Bartold and Kade Paterson. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 2013, 6:14

    Abstract (provisional)
    Background
    The evaluation of foot posture in a clinical setting is useful to screen for potential injury, however disagreement remains as to which method has the greatest clinical utility. An inexpensive and widely available imaging system, the Microsoft KinectTM, may possess the characteristics to objectively evaluate static foot posture in a clinical setting with high accuracy. The aim of this study was to assess the intra-rater reliability and validity of this system for assessing static foot posture.

    Methods
    Three measures were used to assess static foot posture; traditional visual observation using the Foot Posture Index (FPI), a 3D motion analysis (3DMA) system and software designed to collect and analyse image and depth data from the Kinect. Spearman's rho was used to assess intra-rater reliability and concurrent validity of the Kinect to evaluate foot posture, and a linear regression was used to examine the ability of the Kinect to predict total visual FPI score.

    Results
    The Kinect demonstrated moderate to good intra-rater reliability for four FPI items of foot posture (rho = 0.62 to 0.78) and moderate to good correlations with the 3DMA system for four items of foot posture (rho = 0.51 to 0.85). In contrast, intra-rater reliability of visual FPI items was poor to moderate (rho = 0.17 to 0.63), and correlations with the Kinect and 3DMA systems were poor (absolute rho = 0.01 to 0.44). Kinect FPI items with moderate to good reliability predicted 61% of the variance in total visual FPI score.

    Conclusions
    The majority of the foot posture items derived using the Kinect were more reliable than the traditional visual assessment of FPI, and were valid when compared to a 3DMA system. Individual foot posture items recorded using the Kinect were also shown to predict a moderate degree of variance in the total visual FPI score. Combined, these results support the future potential of the Kinect to accurately evaluate static foot posture in a clinical setting.
    Full paper available at http://www.jfootankleres.com/content/pdf/1757-1146-6-14.pdf
     
  2. Ian Drakard

    Ian Drakard Active Member

    Thanks Simon

    I think this is a really interesting area. I've been using kinect or similar for a couple of months, originally for foot and cast scanning for orthotics, but have become really interested in the assessment potential with this. Is there any work on dynamic assessment in the pipeline?

    Kind regards
    Ian
     
  3. toomoon

    toomoon Well-Known Member

    Hi Ian.. we have been using it for dynamic assessment for some time, and plan to validate it against some of the very expensive 3D kinematic systems, where i expect it to excel.
    I do not think people really understand how much motion analysis gadgetry goes into this $120 odd piece of equipment. it is absolutely amazing!
     
  4. javier

    javier Senior Member

    I have been toying with a Asus Xtion Pro 3D Sensor (better than Microsoft Kinect because RGB image quality) for some weeks.

    Here is a comparision between depth sensors: http://wiki.ipisoft.com/Depth_Sensors_Comparison

    It can be used as a ultra low cost 3D scanner and for clinical gait analysis. But there is no algorithm developed for object detection, segmentation and classification useful for clinical gait analysis for now. Although, there are some promising projects.

    I attach a video from a 3D scanner from my foot as an example

     
    Last edited by a moderator: Sep 22, 2016
  5. toomoon

    toomoon Well-Known Member

    "But there is no algorithm developed for object detection, segmentation and classification useful for clinical gait analysis for now'.
    Dr Ross Clarke has written the algorithm for the Kinect and it works a treat!
     
  6. javier

    javier Senior Member

    I have read the paper you provided, I liked very much but they used an SDK app from National Instruments :

    "Custom made LabVIEW software (National Instruments, U.S.A.) was used to collect and analyse the data from the Kinect using the Microsoft Software Development Kit (SDK) Beta 2 (Microsoft, U.S.A.). Data were sampled at the native frequency of the Kinect, which is irregular at ≈ 30Hz. The depth image was converted to the same resolution as the video image using interpolation, and the two images were aligned using a cross correlation function. "


    Here it lies the problem regarding Depth Sensors for clinical gait analysis:

    "The real world coordinates of the pixels in the video and depth images were determined using the calibration data extracted from the SDK. When anatomical landmarks or specific positions needed to be identified, these were located using the video image and the corresponding points on the depth map were extracted. For all values the median of five consecutive frames of Kinect data were used."

    The study was related to evaluate static foot posture not dynamic gait analysis. It is necesary somekind of dynamic object detection algorithm such as this for hand:

     
    Last edited by a moderator: Sep 22, 2016
  7. toomoon

    toomoon Well-Known Member

    i am not talking about the study Javier.. I am talking about what they are working on next
     
  8. javier

    javier Senior Member

    I ask you to keep us updated about Dr Clark an coworkers research. I truly believe there is a great potential regarding depth sensors for podiatric clinical practice. Although there are better options than Kinect on the market. Thanks.
     
  9. toomoon

    toomoon Well-Known Member

    I will..regards Simon
     
  10. NewsBot

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