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Reliability and Predictive Validity of Inlow's 60-Second Diabetic Foot Screen Tool.
Murphy CA, Laforet K, Da Rosa P, Tabamo F, Woodbury MG. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2012 Jun;25(6):261-266.
Quote:
OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to assess Inlow's 60-Second Diabetic Foot Screen Tool to ascertain consistency of risk recognition for development of ulceration independent of specific assessor and practice setting. Screening tools that assist clinicians in identifying risk require validation. The objectives were to determine the intrarater reliability, interrater reliability, and predictive validity of Inlow's 60-Second Diabetic Foot Screen Tool in 2 healthcare settings.
DESIGN:
Following ethics board approval, a prospective observational study was completed.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:
A convenience sample of 69 persons with diabetes was recruited: n = 26 from an acute care setting (dialysis) and n = 43 from long-term-care (LTC) setting.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The screening tool was administered by 2 assessors independently to determine interrater reliability and later the same day by one of the assessors to determine intrarater reliability. Occurrence of foot ulcers or amputation was noted 1 to 5 months later to determine predictive validity.
MAIN RESULTS:
Reliability is reported per setting using the intraclass correlation coefficient (2.1) and 95% confidence intervals. Intrarater reliability: LTC 0.96 (0.93-0.98) right foot, 0.97 (0.95-0.98) left foot; dialysis 1.00 right and 1.00 left foot. Interrater reliability: LTC 0.92 (0.86-0.96) right foot, 0.93 (0.87-0.96) left foot; dialysis 0.83 (0.65-0.92) right foot and left foot. Predictive validity: Two subjects had events-1 ulcer and 1 amputation-that were associated with high Inlow's screening tool scores.
CONCLUSION:
This study demonstrates excellent interrater and intrarater reliability and provides preliminary information about predictive validity.
A Prospective, Descriptive Study to Assess the Reliability and Usability of a Rapid Foot Screen for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in a Complex Continuing Care Setting
Carreau L, Niezgoda H, Leblond S, Trainor A, Orsted H, Woodbury MG. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2013 Jan;59(1):28-34.
Quote:
Inlow's 60-second Diabetic Foot Screen is a paper-pencil tool developed to guide professionals in the completion of a quick foot assessment of persons with diabetes mellitus to determine recommended frequency of assessments. The tool has been used in various healthcare settings and its reliability and validity previously tested in acute and long-term care settings. The purpose of this study was to assess content, time to complete assessment, ease of use, and reliability of the tool in a complex continuing care setting. The tool includes questions about 10 variables; skin, nails, deformities, footwear, temperature, range of motion, sensation, pulses, dependent rubor, and erythema. Answers convert to a score ranging from 0 (low risk, yearly screenings) to 23 (high risk, weekly screenings). Using the tool, the study questionnaire, and a watch, three nurse assessors experienced in assessing the feet of persons with diabetes completed 70 assessments on 35 patients during a period of 30 days. Content areas assessed included significance of comorbidities and interval screening times. Mean time to complete the assessment was 7 minutes (range 2 to 21 minutes); 39% of assessments took 6 to 7 minutes. Times to perform assessment varied widely due to the functional and cognitive well-being of the patient. Inter-rater reliability was low (ICC 0.608 [95% confidence interval 0.349-0.781]), perhaps due to varying interpretations of assessment parameters related to the complexity of the study patient population. Comments suggest that some tool revisions may increase ease of use as well as tool validity and reliability, especially for complex care patients with multiple comorbidities.
60-Second Diabetic Foot Screen Tool
Linear Mode
