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White cell count and occupational exposure to fungal nails?

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  #1  
Old 18th March 2006, 09:51 AM
Alan Sclafani DPM Alan Sclafani DPM is offline
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Default White cell count and occupational exposure to fungal nails?

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Hi,

I just signed up to this list. I have been in private practice since graduation from OCPM in 1982. For the last 17.5 years I have been practicing(conservative care/nursing homes/general podiatric medicine) in Lancaster, Pa.

Now for my question: Is there any evidence in the podiatric community(and medical literature) that chronic exposure to mycotic nail/skin dust can lead to an increased white cell count(particularly lymphocytosis) leading to a diagnosis of CLL(Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia)? The hemotologist and MD's that I have spoken to say that they have never seen any relationship of high white count to this situation. The closest information that I can find is that viral infections can lead to a lymphocytosis, but never any mention of mycosis.

Thanks in advance for your replies. I look forward to hearing from you.
Alan Sclafani, DPM
Lancaster, Pa
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  #2  
Old 18th March 2006, 05:02 PM
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Craig Payne Craig Payne is offline
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Welcome to Podiatry Arena

I am not aware of anything on CLL, but there is plenty on what fungal elements to to Podiatrists. Maybe serious fungal infections can affect the white cell count ???

Check this: Fungal Infections in the Nasal Cavities of Podiatrists in which Paul Tinley et al found a higher prevlaance of fungi in the nasal cavities of podiatrists.

In JAPMA:
Nail dust aerosols from onychomycotic toenails. Part II. Clinical and serologic aspects.
Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, Vol 82, Issue 2 116-123
Quote:
The podiatric procedure of burring hyperkeratotic fungal infected toenails results in large quantities of nail dust aerosols. An extremely large percentage (31%) of podiatrists who were analyzed for immunoglobulin E (IgE) by antibody radioimmunoassay were found to have abnormally high levels. Incidence of precipitin antibodies to Trichophyton rubrum in sera of those in practice from 0 to 15 years was 23%, and those in practice 16 years or more was 29%. In this study, podiatrists who were chronically exposed to nail dust aerosols after years of practice presented with symptoms of conjunctivitis, rhinitis, asthma, coughing, hypersensitivity, and impaired lung function.
The same authors also had this publication:
Inhalation of nail dust from onychomycotic toenails. Part I. Characterization of particles.
J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1992 Feb;82(2):111-5.

The full text of this article is available in Spainish:
Hypersensitiviy to Trichophyton rubrum antigens in atopic and non-atopic podiatrists.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2003 Mar-Apr;31(2):70-6
Quote:
BACKGROUND: Podiatrists as well as manicurists are exposed to inhale nail dust contaminated with mycotic particles when filing and burring the onychomycotic nails of their patients. As some of them with atopic background suffered worsening of their symptoms we decided to study the immune response to the fungus Trichophyton rubrum (Tr) that was isolated from the nail dust obtained from the podiatrists office. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS: A detailed clinical record, intracutaneous skin tests with a extract of Tr and the serum levels of total and specific IgE were performed in rhinitis-asthma as well as control patients. As the asthmatic group refused to perform the challenge bronchial test with Tr we developed a guinea pig experimental model with daily aerosolization of Tr during 12 weeks studying the levels of specific IgE and IgG as well as the lung's histopathology.Atopic patients showed positive immediate skin tests with Tr and both groups revealed delayed hypersensitivity to the antigen.RAST-IgE-anti-Tr and RAST-inhibition confirmed the specificity of the antibodies.Guinea pigs also synthetized IgG and IgE anti-Tr and suffered different degrees of lung lesions similar to those of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. CONCLUSION: Atopic podiatrists are exposed to fungal allergens that may participate or aggravate their previous respiratory conditions.
There have also been these:
Human nail dust: hazard to chiropodists or merely nuisance?
J Soc Occup Med. 1991 Autumn;41(3):121-5.
Human nail dust and precipitating antibodies to Trichophyton rubrum in chiropodists.
]Clin Allergy. 1983 Jul;13(4):309-15.

On a personal note, I do know of one Podiatrist who had a fatal fungal lung infection - but do not know enough to know if it was occupational exposure that caused it or if CLL was involved.
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Old 19th March 2006, 07:33 AM
Alan Sclafani DPM Alan Sclafani DPM is offline
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Thanks for the info. That was very helpful.

Alan Sclafani, DPM
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