Robbins SE, Hanna AM
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1987 Apr;19(2):148-56.
Running-related injury prevention through barefoot adaptations
This old paper by the same author is interesting. They use x-rays and a queer footprint measuring system to compare arch height and footprint shape/area of two conditions: 1)habitually shod, 2)after an extended period of regular barefoot activity. Post barefoot activity feet showed elevated arch height and an apparent shift to a more lateral weightbearing footprint (at least in static stance).
The authors assume that increased/altered foot muscle use leads to these adaptations. As a person who has gone barefoot regularly, but at sporadic intervals, I can add a little anecdotal evidence. Even after going for a barefoot walk of only a couple hours over uneven terrain I notice an after effect of a more vertical, less "pronated" foot posture that persists for some time. The more uneven and texturally stimulating the surface the better, it seems to me. I would compare this effect to the posture change, that soon wears off, following the wearing of a good prescription orthotic.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...=pubmed_docsum