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Incidence and Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Podiatric Surgery
Andrew H. Felcher; Richard A. Mularski; David M. Mosen; Teresa M. Kimes; Thomas G. DeLougehry and Steven E. Laxson Chest, doi:10.1378/chest.08-1631
Quote:
Background: The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality ranks prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) as a top priority for patient safety, however, no guidelines or population-based research exist to guide management for podiatric surgery patients. The objective of our study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for post-procedure VTE in podiatric surgery.
Methods: A five-year retrospective analysis of patients undergoing podiatric surgery in a large not-for-profit health maintenance organization serving > 485,000 members in the Pacific Northwest from 1999 to 2004.
Results: We identified 16,804 surgical procedures in 7,264 patients and detected 22 symptomatic post-procedure VTEs. The overall incidence of post-procedure VTE was 0.30%. Three risk factors were significantly and independently associated with VTE in podiatric surgery: prior VTE (incidence 4.6%, RR 23.0, p < 0.001), use of hormone replacement therapy or oral contraceptives (incidence 0.55%, RR 4.2, p = 0.01) and obesity (incidence 0.48%, RR 3.0, p = 0.02).
Conclusions: We identified a low overall risk of VTE in podiatric surgery suggesting that routine prophylaxis is not warranted. However, for patients with a history of prior VTE, peri-procedure prophylaxis is suggested based on the level of risk. For podiatry surgery patients with two or more risk factors for VTE, peri-procedure prophylaxis should be considered. Until a prospective study is completed testing recommendations, guidelines and care decisions for podiatric surgery patients will continue to be based on retrospective data, expert consensus, and clinical judgment.