Home Forums Marketplace Table of Contents Events Member List Site Map Register Mark Forums Read



Welcome to the Podiatry Arena forums, for communication between foot health professionals about podiatry and related topics.

You are currently viewing our podiatry forum as a guest which gives you limited access to view all podiatry discussions and access our other features. By joining our free global community of Podiatrists and other interested foot health care professionals you will have access to post podiatry topics (answer and ask questions), communicate privately with other members (PM), upload content, view attachments, receive a weekly email update of new discussions, earn CPD points and access many other special features. Registered users do not get displayed the advertisments in posted messages. Registration is fast, simple and absolutely free so please, join our global Podiatry community today!

If you have any problems with the registration process or your account login, please contact contact us.


Heeled footwear and schizophrenia?

Reply
Submit Thread >  Submit to Digg Submit to Reddit Submit to Furl Submit to Del.icio.us Submit to Google Submit to Yahoo! This Submit to Technorati Submit to StumbleUpon Submit to Spurl Submit to Netscape  < Submit Thread
 
Thread Tools Display Modes
  #1  
Old 25th July 2006, 06:17 PM
Admin's Avatar
Admin Admin is offline
Administrator
 
About:
Join Date: Aug 2004
Location: Cyberspace
Posts: 2,132
Join Date: Aug 2004
Marketplace reputation 0% (0)
Thanks: 33
Thanked 124 Times in 77 Posts
Default Heeled footwear and schizophrenia?

Podiatry Arena members do not see these ads
While looking for something else, I stumbled on this 2 yr old publication that I had forgotton about:

Is there an association between the use of heeled footwear and schizophrenia?
Medical Hypotheses Volume 63, Issue 4 , 2004, Pages 740-747
Quote:
Existing etiological and pathogenetical theories of schizophrenia have only been able to find support in some epidemiological, clinical, and pathophysiological facts. A selective literature review and synthesis is used to present a hypothesis that finds support in all facts and is contradicted by none.

Heeled footwear began to be used more than a 1000 years ago, and led to the occurrence of the first cases of schizophrenia. Industrialization of shoe production increased schizophrenia prevalence. Mechanization of the production started in Massachusetts, spread from there to England and Germany, and then to the rest of Western Europe. A remarkable increase in schizophrenia prevalence followed the same pattern. In Baden in Germany the increasing stream of young patients more or less hastily progrediating to a severe state of cognitive impairment made it possible for Kraepelin to delineate dementia praecox as a nosological entity. The patients continued to use heeled shoes after they were admitted to the hospitals and the disease progrediated.

High rates of schizophrenia are found among first-generation immigrants from regions with a warmer climate to regions with a colder climate, where the use of shoes is more common. Still higher rates among second-generation immigrants are caused by the use of shoes during the onset of walking at an age of about 11–12 months. Other findings point to the importance of this in the later development of schizophrenia. A child born in January–March begins to walk in December–March, when it's cold outside and the chances of going barefoot are smaller. They are also smaller in urban settings.

During walking synchronised stimuli from mechanoreceptors in the lower extremities increase activity in cerebello-thalamo-cortico-cerebellar loops through their action on NMDA-receptors. Using heeled shoes leads to weaker stimulation of the loops. Reduced cortical activity changes dopaminergic function which involves the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical-nigro-basal ganglia loops. Bicycle riding reduces depression in schizophrenia due to stronger stimulation by improved lengthening contractions of the triceps surae muscles. Electrode stimulation of cerebellar loops normally stimulated by mechanoreceptors in the lower extremities could improve functioning in schizophrenia.

Cross-sectional prevalence studies of the association between the use of heeled footwear and schizophrenia should be made in immigrants from regions with a warmer climate or in groups of people who began to wear shoes at different ages.
Reply With Quote
Sponsored Links
  #2  
Old 25th July 2006, 06:36 PM
Admin2's Avatar
Admin2 Admin2 is offline
Administrator
 
About:
Join Date: May 2005
Location: Cyberspace
Posts: 1,722
Join Date: May 2005
Marketplace reputation 0% (0)
Thanks: 6
Thanked 37 Times in 33 Posts
Default Schizophrenia

Related thread:
Schizophrenia & foot fissures
Reply With Quote
  #3  
Old 30th October 2007, 08:48 AM
Simon Spooner's Avatar
Simon Spooner Simon Spooner is offline
Podiatry Arena Veteran
 
About:
Join Date: Aug 2005
Location: "I'm sick of flags - whatever colour. There's only one flag - the white flag.": Paul Hewson
Posts: 2,062
Join Date: Aug 2005
Marketplace reputation 0% (0)
Thanks: 12
Thanked 131 Times in 108 Posts
Default Shoe heels cause schizophrenia

Sorry if this has been reported already.

Article in the Daily mail newspaper UK:

"not only did shoe makers start a tend that led to generations of women being condemned to wearing high heels, they could also be responsible for the increasing number of cases of schizophrenia. the theory is that heeled shoes may have led to the first cases of the disease and the establishment of mental hospitals.

Researcher Jari Flensmark says that the schizophrenia only appeared after heeled shoes were introduced into a population. The oldest heeled shoe known to man, made over 1,000 years ago, comes from Mesopotamia- the same area where the first institutions dealing with mental disorders appeared. As industrialisation of shoe production spread from North America to Western Europe, there was a remarkable rise in cases of schizophrenia. In england the heeled shoe emerged at the start of the 17th century, and a large increase in mental illness followed. this is compared with Native Americans, who wear flat moccasins and have a relatively low frequency of schizophrenia.

The science? When we walk, the movement stimulates receptors in the lower extremities which increase actvity in brain cells. Wearing heeled shoes weakens the lengthening contractions in the lower leg and foot, so the receptors are stimulated less. This drop in stimulation leads to changes in the dopamine system in the brain. This tallies with the knowledge that schizophrenics' produce more dopamine"

__________________
Science is the antidote to the poison of enthusiasm and superstition

My location
Reply With Quote
Reply



Thread Tools
Display Modes

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts
vB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off
Forum Jump

Translate This Page


New To Site? Need Help?

Finding your way around:

Browse the forums.

Search the site.

Browse the tags.

Search the tags.


All times are GMT -7. The time now is 11:14 PM.