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Background
Little is know about the effects of the changing body weight on the juvenile skeleton and to what extent it can explain the phenotypic variability observed in human joint morphology. The talus occupies a pivotal position and must sustain and distribute the weight of the body without deformation and whilst remaining a functional biomechanical unit. It is hypothesized that the talus exhibits morphological plasticity of its articular surfaces in order to adapt to the increases in body weight associated loading over ontogeny.
Objectives
To explore plasticity in talar articular facet morphology during development in response to increases in body weight.
Method
Tali from juvenile archaeological remains from 8 to 18 years of age were cast, then laser scanned and homologous landmark data were acquired by a novel method and utilized in 3D geometric morphometric analysis. Femur length was used as a proxy for individual body weights.
Results
Changes in shape and orientation of three talar articular facets was observed over ontogeny. Principle components 1, 2, 3 and 5 correlated significantly with increases in body weight.
Conclusions
Talar articular surface morphology is plastically adaptive to changes in body weight over ontogeny. A framework of normal ontogenetic changes over the juvenile period is provided for practitioners.
Non-metrical study of the pattern of talar articular facets in south Indian dry calcanei.
Sharada R, Sneha K, Gupta C, Pai SR, Rairam GB. Surg Radiol Anat. 2012 Aug;34(6):487-91.
Quote:
OBJECTIVE:
Tarsal coalitions are common in the middle talocalcaneal joints and prognosis of intracapsular fractures in the region is bad. So this study was done to know the size, shape and number of talar articular facets and the distance between the two anterior facets.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 300 (154 right and 146 left) dry human calcanei of unknown sex were studied. The articular facets were marked with marker pen; the distance between the smaller anterior and middle facets was measured using a vernier calipers and they are classified into four types.
RESULTS:
After classification of the calcanei, we found that Type-1 was 67%, Type-2 was 28.66%, Type-3 was 3%, and Type-4 was 1.33%.
CONCLUSION:
In our study, Type-1 was common followed by Type-2. Race appears to play a part in the determination of the type of facets and hence this study will be useful for the orthopedics surgeons during various surgical procedures.
Morphological Plasticity in the Talus
Linear Mode
